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BY JULIA ANDERSON
Futures contracts are beyond my investment expertise. Neither do I understand “puts” and “calls.” Nor do I care to buy gold, collectibles, artwork or limited partnerships in the hope that their values will increase. Annuities make me nervous. For me, these investment options for my retirement savings are too risky even though their promised payout might be tempting. On the other hand, if I put money into U.S. Treasury bonds or into a bank savings account insured by the federal government, it would be secure. No risk there. I am an investor in the middle trying to balance risk against a reasonable investment reward. For me that means investing in high-grade blue-chip dividend-paying common stock in U.S.-based corporations and in low-fee growth U.S.-based mutual funds such as a S&P 500 Index Fund. Bottom line: I am willing to endure a future economic downturn and accompanying stock market sell off because history shows that the American economy is resilient and will recover. Over the past 75 years, U.S. markets have averaged 10 percent annual growth. To benefit as an investor, I must take on moderate risk to ensure my long-term financial future. Determining your RISK TOLERANCE is an important but often over-looked aspect of investing. However, risk tolerance is among the first things an investment adviser will ask you about. Be prepared with an informed answer. Too many investors (especially woman) get off track because of their response to the risk tolerance question. “No, I don’t want to see the value of my investments ever go down,” they say. “No, I can’t stand the idea of ever losing money.” During a recent Women & Money workshop, a woman in the audience lamented to me that her husband was in charge of their retirement investments and that “he does not trust the stock market. All our money is in bank CDs,” she said. I told her that strategy was OK in terms of no risk but that she and her husband were likely getting a 1 percent or less return on their savings over the past 10 years. That’s while U.S. stock markets delivered annual average gains (share price increases and dividends reinvestment) of 17 percent. That means a $10,000 stock investment 10 years ago would now be worth $48,068. She left the presentation upset. I doubt she will have any success convincing her husband that his savings and investment strategy is too conservative. I didn’t have the heart to tell her that they are losing money on their “safe” CDs investments because inflation (the rising cost of living) is eating into the purchasing power of their nest egg. People --both men and women -- get nervous when markets are volatile (as they are now at the beginning of 2020) and there’s more talk about the next recession. Our bull market can’t go on forever, right? Preparing for a recession How should we plan for a downturn? Where should they put their money? In bonds, stocks, the bank or under a mattress? The risk factor is becoming more importance. Burton Malkiel, author of the famous investing book, “A Random Walk Down Wall Street,” wrote a piece for the Wall Street Journal recently (Dec. 2019) that offers these suggestions:
Back to the risk factor. In his book, Malkiel makes a case for taking on moderate risk. He points out that the return on a portfolio of U.S. common stocks has averaged 10.5 percent a year over the past 25 years or so. Your portfolio with reinvested dividends (at 10 percent) should double every seven years! Further, he suggests that your capacity for risk is usually related to your age. The younger you are the more risk you can take on because time is on your side and you have many working years ahead of you to accommodate market downturns. A higher-risk portfolio of smaller growth stocks might be appropriate, he said. If you’re on your 60s, facing retirement with less income, a portfolio of safer investments makes sense. Bonds and high-dividend stocks could be the solution. Bank CDs still may not be the answer because your savings have got to generate some income. “The longer you can hold on to your investments, the greater should be the share of common stock in your portfolio,” Malkiel states. “Moreover, the longer an individual’s investment horizon, the more likely it is that stocks will outperform bonds.” (here's a link to a 2010 Malkiel lecture the continues to have merit, click here.) (The Internet offers numerous calculators that will determine the return on investment with compound interest (dividends) and savings contributions. Here's one, click here. My tips on managing RISK: 1. Be informed. Read Malkiel’s book, “A Random Walk Down Wall Street.” or at least read the parts that are relevant to your age and financial situation. Go online and watch his investment lectures on YouTube. Click here. 2. Understand that downturns are normal and part of the trade-off between risk and financial reward. Don’t sell during a downturn. Don’t expect to jump back in before markets go up. 3. A higher rate of return typically means taking on more risk. Don’t invest in stuff you don’t understand, even if you are guaranteed a high return. There is no free lunch. And realize that short-term fluctuations in markets can be scary. Don’t panic, stay the course. 4. Realize that it doesn’t have to be all or nothing. or me, a return of 2 to 4 percent a year on an investment is reasonable. Most of my investment portfolio generates dividends in the 2 to 3 percent range, plus whatever happens to the value of the stock. I continue to reinvest dividends paid inside my tax deferred IRA even as I know must take the Required Minimum Withdrawals. I have enough in cash to cover RMDs for a year That way, I’m prepared for a downturn and won’t have to sell principal at a lower price. 5. You don’t have to be a stock picker. Managing risk might mean investing in a low-cost index fund tied to the S&P 500 or a broad mix of a sectors such as telecom, high-tech or industrials. Look at the track record for the funds you buy and be sure to check out any management fees that can eat into your return. 6. Save and invest even in bad times. Make saving AND INVESTING a regular part of your long-term financial strategy. For more: YouTube - What is investment risk?, click here. “A Random Walk Down Wall Street, “by Burton Malkiel, click here "A Way to secure retirement income later in life," click here. The Risk of Different Types of Investments, click here. Saving and investment options, usa.gov, click here Risk Management and You, Edward Jones, click here. BY JULIA ANDERSON
Four years ago this week, I began experiencing pain in my butt. Actually, a bit lower where my butt muscles and upper thighs overlap. It felt like sore muscles from intense exercise, only it kept getting worse. Over the next week, the pain showed up in my shoulders, arms and ankles. It became so bad that I couldn’t turn over in bed without groaning in pain. I crawled from bed to the toilet on my hands and knees to avoid pain. I couldn’t lift my arms to put dishes in kitchen cupboards, I couldn’t lift my legs to dry them after a shower. All because it hurt like my joints were burning up. I used my fingers to “pull” my arm forward along a table top to grip a cup of coffee to avoid the pain in my arms and shoulders. At the worse of it, my walk became a shuffle. I was frightened, depressed and hurting. A physician’s assistant diagnosed my condition: Polymyalgia Rheumatica. She put on me on prednisone (a steroid) and methotrexate, the go-to drugs for severe arthritis. She referred me to a rheumatologist, but the appointment was a month out. Since then my diagnosis has evolved to rheumatoid arthritis, then psoriatic arthritis, or both. Turns out there are 100 different kinds of arthritis and no two individuals may experience them the exact same way. For those unfamiliar with RA here’s the definition: It is the most common type of autoimmune arthritis caused when the body’s immune system turns on itself and begins attacking healthy tissue. It is not curable, but treatments can stop (or reduce) pain and swelling. (www.rheumatology.org) In those first months, I was burning up Google finding out about this disease. Who got RA or polymyalgia rheumatica, why did it happen and what treatments might work? I learned I was a prime candidate for RA: Female, white (Northern European), near age 70 with a genetic history of arthritis in the immediate family. Check. In learning about RA, I realized that I was lucky. RA can attack people much younger, even children. It can wreak havoc on the body by going after tissue and bone that may result in surgeries, chronic pain, difficulties in walking, climbing stairs. When I first learned of my diagnosis, I casually mentioned my situation to a well-meaning “friend” who was a nurse. Her immediate comment shocked me. “So sorry for Ken (my husband), he’ll be pushing you around in a wheelchair.” Thoughtless on her part? Yes!! But four years later, so far, so good. I’m not in a wheelchair and don’t expect to be for a long time. My primary care doctor said I likely would die of something else before finding myself an invalid. In fact, my fourth year with this disease has been my best. I ran a 5k fun run this fall. I trained on the tread mill for it and came in first in my age group. Full disclosure: There were just three women over 70 in the run. Only 14 people (men and women) ran it out of about 135 total. I was surprised by the low number. A five-day visit to New York City in the fall had me walking all over town to museums, parks, the Empire State Building. My husband and I haven’t slowed our pace of travel that this year included a coast-to-coast ride across the U.S. on his motorcycle. Lots of getting on and off the machine. It’s a long way better than where I started. The first year meant stopping the prednisone, which I hated for the weight gain, sleeplessness and depression it caused. After trying several drugs in combination with methotrexate, we settled on just methotrexate, which suppresses the immune system. As the RA symptoms began to recede, a bout of sciatica down my right leg meant dealing with another round of intense pain. That resolved after two injections of cortisone in my lower back. I began doing stretch exercises to reduce back and neck pain. I walked. I kept a pain chart with RA pain ranging from a high of 7-8 to a low of 5. The chart helped my rheumatologist continue to tweak medications and treatments. The sciatica pain had a separate chart in the 8-9 range. That pain meant gasping for air from pain every time I got out of the car. I became careful in how I moved. My doctor prescribed 25mg daily of diclofenac to reduce inflammation and resulting pain. I went to a physical therapy clinic to help with the sciatica and a chronic stiff neck. I stopped taking sulfasalazine in combination with methotrexate. After reading the side effects of diclofenac, I cut my intake to only as needed. (Not often). I worry about heart disease and my blood pressure is on the high side. Diclofenac can exacerbate those problems. My pain chart began to show real improvement toward the end of the first year. Since then my doctor suggested that I increase my folic acid tablets from two daily to three to combat nausea on the day, I take the methotrexate once a week. She sent me to a pain clinic for help with the stiff neck issue. The PA there gave me three “micro” shots of cortisone, which more or less solved the problem. I do shoulder rotation exercises at home using a “rubber band” to keep things from freezing up. In years two and three, my doctor began to further analyze my symptoms and suggested that I may have psoriatic arthritis instead of regular RA or a combination of the two. I don’t have the scaly skin patches that are typical with psoriatic arthritis except on my elbows, but sometimes joint problems show up first. I certainly have intermittent lower back pain that comes with psoriatic arthritis along with stiffness. Sometimes my ankles and finger joints hurt a lot. In summary: At the end of these four years, I am living with arthritis pain at a low level that does not interfer with my daily activities, travel or yard work. I do have fatigue. I do have pain spikes. I take aspirin or Tylenol as a preventive before engaging in heavy exercise. I do worry about where I'm headed, long term. I tried cutting back on methotrexate earlier this year but found out I need the prescribed 8 tablets weekly to maintain the low 1-2 pain level. Sleeplessness can still plague me. I can’t drink red wine without consequences. Psychologically, I have my confidence back. I can live with this disease and feel lucky that I am better off than most. Getting daily exercise is a key to my well-being…lower pain levels, better sleep, better weight management. What triggered my RA/psoriatic arthritis? I have theories: My dentist put me on a high dose of antibiotics to combat an infected wisdom tooth just prior to the rapid onset of the acute RA. The drug killed my gut bacteria. They say there’s a connection between gut bacteria and RA.
My advice for those living with arthritis: Find a doctor you trust, work with that doctor over the long haul. Keep a pain chart and track other symptoms. Know that improvement comes and sometimes goes. Believe that you will get better knowing that it takes time. Mental outlook is key. Exercise: job, lift weights, do isometrics. Change your diet. Don’t drink. Get sleep. Work with your doctor to get help. Enjoy every minute of every day!!! BY JULIA ANDERSON
I’ve been taking stock of my stocks, this week. It’s a good idea to regularly check in on what’s doing well and what might need attention inside a Rollover IRA portfolio. I take this seriously since this is money I plan to live on the rest of my life. In general, I’m happy. It has been good to be in the U.S. stock market in 2019. In fact, the bull market of the past 10 years has been a good place to be. This year, my portfolio mostly had winners, a few laggards and only one loser. The winners: More than half of my invested money is in three mutual funds with low management fees (the industry calls a fee an “expense ratio” because they are charged as a percentage of the fund’s total holding.) Year-to-date, these three funds --- an S&P 500 Index Fund, a “contra” fund heavy with tech stocks and a telecom and utilities fund are up, respectively, in share value 18 percent, 26 percent and 27 percent. I dare most stock pickers to beat this performance tied to the strong U.S. economy with low inflation, low loan interest rates and near record low unemployment. In addition to mutual funds, I own shares in publicly traded corporations. Among individual stock winners over the past 52 weeks in 2019 were: Microsoft, up 37 percent in share value at $151 a share. Raytheon, up 25 percent at $217. Intel, up 21 percent at $58. The 52-week laggards: U.S. Bank, up only 11 percent in share value at $60. IBM, up 10.6 percent at $134. GlaxoSmithkline, up 10.5 percent at $46. The loser: Johnson & Johnson, down 5.73 percent in share value in the past 52 weeks, thanks to ongoing legal challenges related to its suspect baby powder and the oxycontin addiction crisis. While the pharmaceutical sector in general has under-performed the market -- up only 15 percent this year -- Johnson&Johnson, formerly a staple of any investment portfolio with a good dividend and a great share price track record has taken a hit. Neither of the issues it faces are going away any time soon. At $137 a share, J&J is down from a high of $148.99 and could go lower. The 2020 forecast? Interest rates set by the Federal Reserve Bank are unlikely to change much as we head into a Presidential election year. That’s good news for businesses, consumer spending and the economy. If employment remains strong, the home-building industry picks up steam and Americans keep spending, we are in good shape for another positive market year. Wall Street Journal analysts agree. Weakness in the financial sector (especially regional banks) will likely continue. Pharmaceuticals look vulnerable. Retailing is being disrupted by online shopping. Keep reinvesting But so far so good for me. Thanks to the robust U.S. economic recovery since the Great Recession, the average annual return on my Rollover IRA over the past nine years has been 12.1 percent. By the way, except for the Required Minimum Distributions that the IRS says I must now withdraw from my Rollover IRA, I am REINVESTING ALL quarterly dividend money back into the purchase of more shares in the funds and stocks that I own. I see no reason to get conservative. If you don't believe me that this is a good idea, visit www.rebalance360.com. Cash loses money because inflation means cash buys less in a few years as the cost of living goes up. Getting to retirement is one thing but managing my nest egg in retirement is another. I keep reminding myself to stay the course, take the long view and avoid emotional reaction to day-to-day news or market gyrations. The U.S. economy looks solid. Free market capitalism and the rule of law continue to govern our financial markets. I’m sticking with my ALL-IN stock investment strategy. There’s nowhere else to go if you want to stay ahead of inflation and keep earning money with your money. (I do keep some cash (12 months’ worth) on hand to pay bills in case there’s a downturn. I don’t want to have to sell stock when share prices are in recession.) Historical track record Since, 1926 the average annual return of the S&P 500 (the performance of the 500 largest U.S. companies) has been approximately 10 percent. That’s EVERY YEAR no matter whether Democrats or Republicans are in charge in Washington. (Investopidia) Meanwhile, Gallup research shows that 55 percent of Americans report that they own stocks either individually or through a mutual fund or a retirement 401(k) or IRA account. That unfortunately is down from the 62 percent stock ownership prior to the 2007-2009 recession. I feel badly for people (especially women) who bailed out of markets during the recession and never got back in. They’ve missed an opportunity to avoid poverty in their old age. Banks, investment firms and tax accountants all must do more to help Americans understand the miracle of the U.S. economy, our markets and the powerful financial reward from reinvesting quarterly dividends that over time build wealth. Help your grand kids avoid student debt. It's about more than money --- they need a plan.11/14/2019
By JULIA ANDERSON
The numbers are shocking. The average cost of attending a four-year public university in the U.S. -- tuition, fees, room and board -- in the 2018-19 school year was $21,370. At out-of-state universities the cost jumps to $37,430. (That's about $85,500-$149,000 over four years.) These estimates don’t include expenses such as school supplies, textbooks and transportation, says US News & World Report in a recent article. The costs are intimidating for students, their parents and grandparents. Tuition costs alone at public institutions have soared 213 percent in the past 30 years. Then comes the second problem – student debt. Borrowing to pay for education beyond high school has ensnared 44 million people who now owe a combined $1.52 trillion in student debt. Average debt owed per student is $38,400. According to Forbes magazine, it is taking 18 years on average to pay off these loans. Kids will be in their 40s before becoming (student) debt free. This is a huge problem not just for the borrowers, but for the U.S. economy because debt keeps young people from buying cars, buying houses, moving out or having children. What can grandparents do to keep their children and grandchildren from falling into the student debt trap? Plenty, says Jennifer Satalino, director of The College Place, who appeared on Smart Money, my public television show, recently. Her organization helps people pursue undergraduate education through counseling, financial aid and scholarships. “It comes down to talking about all this early on,” Satalino said. “Families need to lay out a plan that includes saving for school, a budgeting strategy that makes sense and being smart about getting those college credits. It may mean living at home and working part-time,” she said. “Students don’t have to rush.” She said, it also means understanding student debt – types of loans, avoiding bad loans and bad interest rates, understanding who services them, repayment options and costs over time. How to avoid student debt: Better yet, avoiding student debt in the first place. It can be done. Here’s how parents and grandparents can help: Set up a college savings plan, early. Some families start tax-deferred 529 savings plans before their kids are even born. Grandparents also can set up 529s.
If your student decides to take on a student debt loan, here are the basics: Research starting salaries in the field they plan to pursue. Will their starting income support debt repayment? Ask what can they afford to repay? Understand the terms of the loan. Make payments on time. Keep in touch with your loan servicers who can provide options to keep your loan in good standing. Most-regretted college majors: SOURCE: CNBC.com, ZipRecruiter survey Major Leading reason for regret English & foreign languages Impractical, limited job opportunities Biological and physical sciences Advanced degrees or licenses often required Education Low pay and job satisfaction, limited opportunities Social sciences & law Too general, impractical, hard to find a job Communications Too general Least regretted college majors Major Challenges Computer science & mathematics Can be stressful Business Too general Engineering Best jobs require advanced degrees Health administration & assisting Lower job satisfaction Health sciences & technology Lower job satisfaction Bottom Line: Grandparents can help their grandchildren avoid student debt, layout a strategy for getting a college education and landing a good job. How? By advising them to take it slowly, by keeping expenses at a minimum and staying the course. This requires starting the conversation, early. Like now!! For MORE: 5 Ways to Avoid Student Loans, click here 5 Ways to Avoid Drowning in Student Loan Debt, click here. The College Place – Oregon, click here. Oregon Promise, click here The 5 college majors American students most regret picking, click here Student Debt Relief, click here Federal Student Aid, click here How to Pay Off Students Loans, click here 4 Best Ways to Pay Off Student Loans, click here  BY JULIA ANDERSON
Here we are in the 21st Century, where half the jobs in this country are held by women, yet only 17 out of every 100 people working in the U.S. financial services industry are female. Why is that? Among a short list of reasons --- men like Ken Fisher. Fisher managed to embarrass himself and do damage to his $110 billion investment empire by saying, among other things, that client acquisition is like “getting into a girl’s pants.” He said other crude stuff but it’s not worth mentioning here. So far, Fisher Investments has seen $1.8 billion pulled out of the firm by those uncomfortable with his off-color sexist remarks made at a recent financial industry confab. Fidelity, the giant Boston-based asset manager, is among heavy-hitters who are taking their business elsewhere because of Fisher’s “inappropriate comments.” Women who have been around the money-management industry, say they’ve heard this kind of talk before from top executives who think they are God’s gift to the universe. So, it is no surprise that despite industry efforts to recruit women, the diversity numbers remain flat, reports Cerulli Associates. The low ratio of about 20 women out of every 100 working in the industry is unchanged for the past 20 years. For the past 20 years!!! What bugs me is that women -- both as employees and as clients -- are patronized by the wealth management business that until lately has been powered by a macho sales-driven culture. According to Barron’s, women represent only 4 percent of top executives at mutual funds, hedge funds and other investment vehicles. They control just 1 percent to 3.5 percent of fund assets under management, Harvard Business Review says. Yet, women outnumber men in the general population (51 to 49 out of every 100). Women receive the majority of college degrees in the U.S. with 66 million women collecting a paycheck. Seventy-three percent work full-time. But according to Investopedia, “finance and business degrees remain the province of male students.” Sixty-one percent of college degrees in finance are awarded to men. That may explain why 46 percent of financial services jobs are held by women but only 15 percent work at the executive level. (Forbes) Meanwhile, banks and investment services rank low in public opinion. We can blame some of that on the Great Recession. Banks lied and cheated, right? And on the industry’s image as a cut-throat, sales-driven, slick con-artist business perpetuated by movies such as “The Wolf of Wall Street,” “The Big Short,” and “Wall Street.” Add to that more recent data breaches at large banks and credit card service companies such as Capital One, falsified accounts at Wells Fargo and misogynist comments from people like Ken Fisher. There are more reasons why women are not attracted to the financial services/investment industry. The industry has not gone onto college campuses offering an attractive recruitment and clear career path for women. Few senior industry executives are women. That means less leadership emphasis is placed on recruiting women. (Only 12 percent of CEOs of large financial firms are women.) At every level, men are promoted at materially higher rates than women, reports the Harvard Business Review. Until lately, the financial services industry has been a commission-alone business. Sell or starve. This creates an inherit conflict of interest between clients and their self-described financial advisers. Women may find more repugnant than men. Unconscious bias and gender-role expectations still disadvantage women. That’s because middle management at banks and brokerage firms are is filled with older white males who set the culture despite diversity efforts dictated from the top. If there’s good news out of the Ken Fisher debacle it may be as a catalyst for industry-wide change. What would that industry change look like? Review your culture: Executives should review their own conduct and the culture of their firms to make sure they are not guilty of some of the same misbehavior displayed by Mr. Fisher, suggests Investopedia writers. Promote women: Move more women into middle and top management positions that show the way for women newly recruited to the business. Make jobs family-friendly: Initiate flexible hours, parental leave and mentorship programs that help women stay with the job and see opportunity for advancement. Recruit outside the box: Open industry recruiting to non-traditional candidates. Do you really have to have a business or accounting degree to be a financial adviser? Nope. Reach out early: Get girls interested in investing in high school when many are choosing a career path. Bring more women into college business schools. Make them aware of opportunities in the financial world. Girlswhoinvest.org is doing just that. You can donate to their cause. The fact is that women control more than half of U.S. personal wealth either through inheritance, a late in life divorce, death of a spouse or through business ownership and personal investment. According to Wealth Management RBC, by next year (2020), that total will reach $72 trillion!! Women have the power -- from the inside and from the outside -- to change the wealth management and financial services industries by spelling out what they expect in terms of transparent services, industry culture and attitude and open accountability. Women recruited to the industry will be perfectly positioned to deliver on all fronts with a different skill set – empathy, intuitiveness and listening. Thank you, Ken Fisher, for making it clear why things must change. For more: www.girlswhoinvest.org Why Are so few Women in Finance? It's Complicated - Investopdedia |
Julia anderson
I meet women all the time who face job and money transitions and who want to do them right. It’s about building confidence and taking charge of the future. This is your money. No one cares more than you do! Archives
January 2020
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